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Events

• 1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured after the battle making Simon de Montfort the de facto ruler of England.
• 1483 – Coronation of Charles VIII of France (Charles l'Affable).
• 1509 – Battle of Agnadello: In northern Italy, French forces defeat the Venetians.
• 1607 – Jamestown, Virginia is settled as an English colony.
• 1608 – The Protestant Union is founded in Auhausen.
• 1610 – Henry IV of France is assassinated bringing Louis XIII to the throne.
• 1643 – Four-year-old Louis XIV becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Louis XIII.
• 1747 – A British fleet under Admiral George Anson defeats the French at first battle of Cape Finisterre.
• 1796 – Edward Jenner administers the first smallpox vaccination.
• 1804 – The Lewis and Clark Expedition departs from Camp Dubois and begins its historic journey by traveling up the Missouri River.
• 1811 – Paraguay gains independence from Spain.
• 1836 – The Treaties of Velasco are signed in Velasco, Texas.
• 1861 – The Canellas meteorite, an 859-gram chondrite-type meteorite, strikes the earth near Barcelona, Spain.
• 1863 – American Civil War: The Battle of Jackson takes place.
• 1868 – Japanese Boshin War: end of the Battle of Utsunomiya Castle, former Shogunate forces withdraw northward to Aizu by way of Nikkō.
• 1870 – The first game of rugby in New Zealand is played in Nelson between Nelson College and the Nelson Rugby Football Club.
• 1879 – The first group of 463 Indian indentured labourers arrives in Fiji aboard the .
• 1889 – The children's charity the NSPCC is launched in London.
• 1913 – New York Governor William Sulzer approves the charter for the Rockefeller Foundation, which begins operations with a $100 million donation from John D. Rockefeller.
• 1925 – Virginia Woolf's novel Mrs Dalloway is published.
• 1927 – is launched at the Blohm & Voss shipyard in Hamburg.
• 1927 – The University of Chicago's local collegiate organization, Phi Sigma, becomes incorporated under Illinois law as Eta Sigma Phi, the National Honorary Classical Fraternity.
• 1929 – Wilfred Rhodes takes his 4000th first-class wicket during a performance of 9 for 39 at Leyton.
• 1931 – Ådalen shootings: five people are killed in Ådalen, Sweden, as soldiers open fire on an unarmed trade union demonstration.
• 1935 – The Philippines ratifies an independence agreement.
• 1939 – Lina Medina becomes the world's youngest confirmed mother in medical history at the age of five.
• 1940 – World War II: Rotterdam is bombed by the German Luftwaffe.
• 1940 – World War II: The Netherlands surrenders to Germany.
• 1943 – A Japanese submarine sinks off the coast of Queensland.
• 1948 – Israel is declared to be an independent state and a provisional government is established. Immediately after the declaration, Israel is attacked by the neighboring Arab states, triggering the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
• 1955 – Cold War: Eight communist bloc countries, including the Soviet Union, sign a mutual defense treaty called the Warsaw Pact.
• 1961 – American civil rights movement: The Freedom Riders bus is fire-bombed near Anniston, Alabama, and the civil rights protesters are beaten by an angry mob.
• 1963 – Kuwait joins the United Nations.
• 1970 – The Red Army Faction is established in Germany.

• 1973 – Human Space Flight: Skylab, the United States' first space station, is launched.
• 1986 – is lost at sea.
• 1988 – Carrollton bus collision: a drunk driver traveling the wrong way on Interstate 71 near Carrollton, Kentucky, United States hits a converted school bus carrying a church youth group. The crash and ensuing fire kill 27.
• 2004 – The Constitutional Court of South Korea overturns the impeachment of President Roh Moo-hyun.
• 2005 – The former , a decommissioned supercarrier of the United States Navy, is deliberately sunk in the Atlantic Ocean after four weeks of live-fire exercises. She is the largest ship ever to be disposed of as a target in a military exercise.
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