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Events

• 565 – Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus.
• 1506 – The first contingent of 150 Swiss Guards arrives at the Vatican.
• 1521 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, opens the Diet of Worms.
• 1771 – Spain cedes Port Egmont in the Falkland Islands to England.
• 1824 – Ashantis defeat British forces in the Gold Coast.
• 1863 – The January Uprising breaks out in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus. The aim of the national movement is to regain Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth from occupation by Russia.
• 1877 – Arthur Tooth, an Anglican clergyman is taken into custody after being prosecuted for using ritualist practices.
• 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Isandlwana – Zulu troops defeat British troops.
• 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Rorke's Drift – 139 British soldiers successfully defend their garrison against an intense assault by four to five thousand Zulu warriors.
• 1889 – Columbia Phonograph is formed in Washington, D.C.
• 1890 – The United Mine Workers of America is founded in Columbus, Ohio.
• 1899 – Leaders of six Australian colonies meet in Melbourne to discuss confederation.
• 1901 – Edward VII is proclaimed King after the death of his mother, Queen Victoria.
• 1905 – Bloody Sunday in St. Petersburg, beginning of the 1905 revolution.
• 1906 – SS Valencia runs aground on rocks on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, killing more than 130.
• 1917 – World War I: President Woodrow Wilson calls for "peace without victory" in Europe.
• 1919 – Act Zluky is signed, unifying the Ukrainian People's Republic and the West Ukrainian National Republic.
• 1924 – Ramsay MacDonald becomes the first Labour Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
• 1927 – First live radio commentary of a football match anywhere in the world, between Arsenal F.C. and Sheffield United at Highbury.
• 1931 – Sir Isaac Isaacs is sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia.
• 1941 – World War II: British and Commonwealth troops capture Tobruk from Italian forces during Operation Compass.
• 1944 – World War II: The Allies commence Operation Shingle which is an assault on Anzio, Italy.
• 1946 – Iran: Qazi Muhammad declares the independent people's Republic of Mahabad at Chuwarchira Square in the Kurdish city of Mahabad. He is the new president; Hadschi Baba Scheich is the prime minister.
• 1946 – Creation of the Central Intelligence Group, forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency.
• 1947 – KTLA, the first commercial television station west of the Mississippi River, begins operation in Hollywood, California.
• 1952 – The first Jet airliner, the de Havilland Comet, enters service for BOAC.
• 1957 – Israel withdraws from the Sinai Peninsula.
• 1957 – The New York City "Mad Bomber", George P. Metesky, is arrested in Waterbury, Connecticut and is charged with planting more than 30 bombs.
• 1959 – Knox Mine Disaster: Water breaches the River Slope Mine near Pittston City, Pennsylvania in Port Griffith; 12 miners are killed.
• 1962 – The Organization of American States suspends Cuba's membership.
• 1963 – The Elysée treaty of cooperation between France and Germany is signed by Charles de Gaulle and Konrad Adenauer.
• 1968 – Apollo 5 lifts off carrying the first Lunar module into space.
• 1973 – The Supreme Court of the United States delivers its decision in Roe v. Wade, legalizing elective abortion in all fifty states.
• 1973 – A chartered Boeing 707 explodes in flames upon landing at Kano Airport, Nigeria killing 176.
• 1984 – The Apple Macintosh, the first consumer computer to popularize the computer mouse and the graphical user interface, is introduced during Super Bowl XVIII with its famous "1984" television commercial.
• 1987 – Pennsylvania politician R. Budd Dwyer shoots and kills himself at a press conference on live national television, leading to debates on boundaries in journalism.
• 1990 – Robert Tappan Morris, Jr. is convicted of releasing the 1988 Internet Computer worm.
• 1991 – Gulf War: Three SCUDs and one Patriot missile hit Ramat Gan in Israel, injuring 96 people. Three elderly people die of heart attacks.
• 1992 – Rebel forces occupy Zaire's national radio station in Kinshasa and broadcast a demand for the government's resignation.
• 1992 – Space Shuttle program: STS-42 Mission – Dr. Roberta Bondar becomes the first Canadian woman in space.
• 1995 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict: Beit Lid massacre – In central Israel, near Netanya, two suicide bombers from the Gaza Strip blow themselves up at a military transit point killing 19 Israelis.
• 1999 – Australian missionary Graham Staines and his two sons are burned alive by radical Hindus while sleeping in their car in Eastern India.
• 2002 – Kmart Corp becomes the largest retailer in United States history to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection.
• 2006 – Evo Morales is inaugurated as President of Bolivia, becoming the country's first indigenous president.
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