...The contemporary Indo-Iranian languages form the largest sub-branch of Indo-European, with more than one billion speakers in total, stretching from Europe (Romani) and the Caucasus (Ossetian) to Xinjiang (Sarikoli) and Bangladesh. SIL in a 2005 estimate counts a total of 308 varieties, the largest in terms of native speakers being Hindustani (Hindi and Urdu, ca. 540 million), Bengali (ca. 200 million), Punjabi (ca. 120 million),Marathi and Persian (ca. 70 million each), Gujarati (ca. 45 million), Pashto (40 million), Oriya (ca. 30 million), Kurdish (ca. 40 million) and Sindhi (ca. 20 million). Read full entry
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- 1.Indo-Iranian languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- Indo-Iranian languages were once spoken across a wider area still. ... Indo-Iranian Languages and Peoples, edited by Nicholas Sims-Williams. ...
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I
ndo-Iranian_languages
- 2.Iranian languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- The Iranian languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family and its ... The Indo-Iranian languages are thought to have originated in Central Asia. ...
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I
ranian_languages
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Why is Esperanto based on ...
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It has more basis in the western Indo-European languages because early speakers of the language were primarily Russian, Polish, German, and French. The man who created it was himself Polish and had the most exposure to these languages. |
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Indo-Iranian Languages?
Can anyone tell me how similar
the following Indo-Iranian
languages are: Persian,
Pushtu/Pashto, Urdu, and
Hindi? I realize that each
language is geographically
close as well; could this play
a part in similar phonology
and vocabulary?
Persian, Pushtu/Pashto, and
Urdu all have Arabic
influences in script and in
vocabulary, right? And if so,
how much Arabic vocabulary has
absorbed into the Hindi
language?
How similar are each
language's vocabulary and
grammar?
Thank you!
Would a Farsi(Persian) speaker
be able to speak to a
Pashtun,or Pakistani without
too much trouble, or would he
have to learn the others'
respective languages? And if
so, how hard would it be for
him?
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Well Farsi, or Persian as you call it and Pashtu are quite close, and quite mutually intelligible. And Urdu and Hindi are basically the same, they used to be one language, Hindustani, until 1947. The only difference is the script, and a few words that in Hindi are rooted in Hindu tradition, but in Urdu come from Farsi. Example: King in Hindi is Raj, where as in Urdu it's Khan Farsi and Pashtu (Afghan) on one hand and Urdu/Hindi speakers on the other would not understand each other. Farsi, or Persian, Pashtu and Urdu use the Arabic alphabet, but are not very influenced by Arabic apart from things to do with religion, and a few words. For an example thank you in Arabic is Shookran, in Urdu it's Shookrìyya None of the languages has any Arabic influence in phonology, Arabic is quite guttural, where as Farsi and Pashto are pronounced much further front in the mouth, and Urdu/Hindi even further, almost completely front mouth/between the lips. |
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How is Hindi an Indo-Iranian I am Persian, and Hindi sounds
extremely different and
difficult. I understand
Sanskrit from Avestan, but it
seems very different.
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The term Hindi is used from multiple perspectives of language classification; therefore, it must be used with care. Standard Hindi and standard Urdu are considered by linguists to be different formal registers both derived from the Khari Boli dialect: Hindi being Sanskritised and Urdu being additionally Persianised (written with different writing systems, Devanagari and Perso-Arabic script, respectively). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H indi No mention of Hindi can be complete without at least touching on its illustrious ancestor, Sanskrit. Sanskrit - meaning refined or perfected - is one of the oldest members of the Indo-Aryan language family, the basis of many of the world's most important language families. http://www.hindisociety.com/Ar ticleHindiHistory.htm |
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