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    Head of state - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  • Head of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that ... Today many countries expect their head of state to embody national values in ...
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_of_state
  • 2.
    Heads of State
  • Designing posters, packaging, logos, and bumper stickers. News, portfolio, online shop, and a list of clients.
  • http://www.theheadsofstate.com/
Questions/Answers
Can highly qualified advisersmake up for a poorly qualifiedhead of state?
If a poorly qualified head of state surrounds him/herself with a highly qualified group of advisers, do the advisers balance out the head of state? This question is NOT aimed at any specific person or party, it's just a general question. Thanks for adding to my poll's sampling.
balancing the numb-skull with intelligent people. doesn't work all the time
What's the US punishment forattacking a foreign head ofstate?
The ones moaning about the "Shoe Thrower's" sentence are forgetting how serious it is to attack a foreign head of state. Remember Ahmadinejad came to the US and he made it out without incident. Can we please ask the same of other countries our president visits?
If someone had assassinated Ahmadinejad I doubt many would complain, but they would still be charged, tried and punished. If a US citizen dared throw shoes at Obama, they would be placed away in a dark room for a lot longer than three years, you can bet on that.
What's the difference between"Head of State" and "Head ofGovernment"?
I read that Queen Elizabeth is the Head of State of the UK, but Gordon Brown is the Head of Government. I always thought they were the same thing. What's the difference?
In a parliamentary system of government, as is found in the UK, Germany, Italy, Canada, and Japan, among many other places, the head of state and the head of government are two roles divided between two people. The head of state is a largely ceremonial role. In the UK, Spain, and Japan, the chief of state a hereditary monarch (Queen Elizabeth II, in the UK). In Germany, there is a president who is popularly elected to fill the role. The main role of the head of state is to greet foreign dignitaries, representing the country at "state functions." In most parliamentary systems, the head of state also has authority to call the parliament into session, or to call for early elections if a government becomes unable to govern. In most parliamentary systems, the head of state also signs off on all laws (royal assent in the UK). In some systems this is a mere technically, giving the parliament's decision the force of law; in Germany, the president has some power to review the constitutionality of law, to serve as another check on the parliament. The head of state's role is to be seen as a person who is above politics. Thus, the Queen is not to be perceived as advancing a partisan agenda, but as a symbol of continuity. In the early days of Spain's democracy, for example, King Juan Carlos was crucial to maintaining a sense of stability after years of military rule. The head of state also has a role as commander of the armed forces, but again, this is a formal title only -- the Queen does not make decisions about the wars Britain fights. The head of government is just that, the head of the Government. The Government is the Cabinet of ministers, chosen by the ruling party (or coalition of parties) in the Parliament, who carry out the implementation of laws and advance a legislative agenda. The prime minister is the head of government, and he (or she) is the one with the real power. He supervises the government bureaucracy, and makes decisions, with the consent of Parliament, on government policy. For this reason, the PM in a parliamentary democracy is also the chief executive, because he supervises the executive offices of government (the bureaucracy) and the various ministries/departments of government. He is also the head of the legislature, because he is a member of the parliament, and leads his party or coalition in the House of Commons. The PM is the one who negotiates with foreign leaders -- again, the head of state's role is symbolic in greeting foreign leaders for photo ops, but the head of government is the one who carries out the diplomacy. By contrast, in a presidential system of government, the power is distributed differently. The USA is presidential, as are South Korea, Afghanistan, and numerous Latin American countries. France is semi-presidential. In a presidential system, a popularly-elected president serves as the chief executive, supervising the bureaucracy, and is also the head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. However, he is not the chief legislator, because the president is not a member of the legislative body (the Congress in the USA). The American president also cannot call early elections. This system is what allows something co-habitation: when the executive charged with carrying out the laws is of a differential political party than that of the legislature that passes them.
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